Young primiparae had better outcomes than other primiparae. Short women had a higher risk of emergency cesarean delivery that varied minimally with GWG. Smokers had a higher SGA risk find more and had a PPWR risk similar to that of nonsmokers.

Conclusions: The tradeoff in risk between mother and infant is reached at lower GWG in multiparae than in primiparae; therefore, a lower GWG may be needed among multiparae. Differential guidelines seem unnecessary for short or young women or smokers. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 1288-94.”
“Background: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling is a well-characterized pathway involved in control of cell

proliferation, apoptosis and oncogenesis. LY294002 is a commonly used pharmacologic inhibitor which acts at the ATP-binding site of the PI3K enzyme, and thus selectively inhibits the PI3K-AKT nexus. The purpose of the study was to examine whether PI3K inhibited by LY294002 had effects in human bladder cancer cells. Methods: After treatment with LY294002, MTT assay, a chemosensitivity test, colony

formation assay, apoptosis assay and Western blot analysis were conducted in EJ cells. Result: EJ cells treated with LY294002 showed significant AKT phosphorylation suppressing in a dose-response manner. Additionally, the PI3K/AKT signaling inhibitor LY294002 suppressed EX 527 mouse cell proliferation and enhanced chemosensitivity to doxorubicin in human bladder cancer EJ cells. Furthermore, LY294002 increased cell apoptosis to doxorubicin. Conclusion: The augmentation of doxorubicin with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 may resolve the multidrug resistance of bladder cancer, and this may be a new strategy for achieving tolerance for chemotherapeutic agents in bladder cancer therapy. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Background: There is a growing interest in periconceptional iron supplementation in developing countries by researchers and policy makers; however, there are no randomized controlled trials that examine the effectiveness of this strategy in decreasing anemia during pregnancy.

Objective: The aim was to determine whether

periconceptional iron supplementation reduces anemia during OICR-9429 ic50 pregnancy.

Design: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted in rural Bangladesh. Married, nulliparous women were randomly assigned to receive daily iron and folic acid (IFA; 60 mg ferrous fumarate and 400 mu g folic acid) (n = 134) or folic acid (FA; 400 mu g) (n = 138) in the form of a powdered supplement added to food. Women were followed until pregnancy or the end of 9 mo. Primary outcomes included hemoglobin, plasma ferritin, and plasma transferrin receptor concentrations.

Results: Among 88 pregnant women, periconceptional IFA in comparison with FA did not affect anemia or iron status at 15 wk gestation. However, each 1% increase in adherence was associated with a 10-g/L increase in change in hemoglobin from baseline (P = 0.