Whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, thigh computed tomography (CT), and percutaneous
muscle biopsy were performed to assess changes in skeletal muscle mass at the whole-body, regional, and cellular level, respectively.
Mixed analysis of variance demonstrated that both groups had similar decreases in bodyweight (WL, -9.2% +/- 1.0%; WL/EX, -9.1% +/- 1.0%) and whole-body fat mass (WL, -16.5%, WL/EX, -20.7%). However, whole-body fat-free mass decreased significantly (p < .05) in WL (-4.3% +/- 1.2%) but not in WL/EX (-1.1% +/- 1.0%). Thigh muscle cross-sectional area by CT decreased in both groups (WL, -5.2% +/- 1.1%; WL/EX, -3.0% +/- 1.0%) and was not statistically different between groups. Type I muscle fiber area decreased in WL (-19.2% +/- 7.9%, p = .01) but remained CFTRinh-172 molecular weight unchanged in WL/EX (3.4% +/- 7.5%). Similar patterns were observed in type II fibers (WL, -16.6% +/- 4.0%; WL/EX, -0.2% +/- 6.5%).
Diet-induced weight loss significantly
decreased muscle mass in older adults. However, the addition of moderate aerobic exercise to intentional weight loss attenuated the loss of muscle mass.”
“Background. In older adults, studies demonstrate an inverse relationship between physical function and individual inflammatory biomarkers. Given that the inflammatory response is a complex system, a combination of biomarkers may increase the strength and consistency of these associations. This study uses principal component PRT062607 datasheet analysis to identify inflammatory “”component(s)”" and evaluates associations between the identified component(s) and measures of physical function.
Methods. Principal component analysis with a varimax rotation was used to identify two components from eight inflammatory biomarkers measured in 1,269 older persons. The study sample is a subset of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study.
Results. The two components explained 56% of the total variance in the data (34%, component 1 and 22%, component 2). Five markers (tumor
necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], sTNFRI, sTNFRII, interleukin [IL]-6sR, IL-2sR) loaded highest on the first component (TNF-alpha related), whereas three markers (C-reactive protein PtdIns(3,4)P2 [CRP], IL-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) loaded highest on the second component (CRP related). After adjusting for age, sex, race, site, sampling indicator, total lean and fat mass, physical activity, smoking, and anti-inflammatory drug use, knee strength and a physical performance battery score were inversely related to the TNF-alpha-related component, but not to the CRP-related component (knee strength: (beta) over cap (TNF alpha) = -2.71, p = .002; (beta) over cap (CRP) = -0.88, p = .325; physical performance battery score: (beta) over cap (TNF alpha) = -0.05, p < .001; <(beta)over cap>(CRP) = -0.02, p = .171).