We identified key genes for nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation and nitrate ammonification, including ammonia monooxygenase (amoA), nitrate reductase (narG napA nasA), DNA Damage inhibitor nitrite reductase (nirK nirS), nitric oxide reductase (nor), nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ), nitrogenase (nifH nifD) and assimilatory nitrite reductase (nrfA

nirA nirB) in both metagenomes (Figure 3). Differences in the distribution and taxonomic assignment of key genes involved in the nitrogen cycle were observed in our analysis (Table 2 and Additional file 1, Figure S8). Specifically, amoA narG napA nirS and nrfA were highly enriched in the BP sample, while there was a higher distribution of the nasA nirK and nirB in the TP (Fisher’s exact test, q < 0.05). The majority of the sequences in the BP sample were annotated Verubecestat to species of Acidovorax Thauera and Deltaproteobacteria (i.e. SRB), while most of the genes in {Selleck Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleck Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleck Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleck Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleckchem Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleckchem Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|buy Anti-infection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library ic50|Anti-infection Compound Library price|Anti-infection Compound Library cost|Anti-infection Compound Library solubility dmso|Anti-infection Compound Library purchase|Anti-infection Compound Library manufacturer|Anti-infection Compound Library research buy|Anti-infection Compound Library order|Anti-infection Compound Library mouse|Anti-infection Compound Library chemical structure|Anti-infection Compound Library mw|Anti-infection Compound Library molecular weight|Anti-infection Compound Library datasheet|Anti-infection Compound Library supplier|Anti-infection Compound Library in vitro|Anti-infection Compound Library cell line|Anti-infection Compound Library concentration|Anti-infection Compound Library nmr|Anti-infection Compound Library in vivo|Anti-infection Compound Library clinical trial|Anti-infection Compound Library cell assay|Anti-infection Compound Library screening|Anti-infection Compound Library high throughput|buy Antiinfection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library ic50|Antiinfection Compound Library price|Antiinfection Compound Library cost|Antiinfection Compound Library solubility dmso|Antiinfection Compound Library purchase|Antiinfection Compound Library manufacturer|Antiinfection Compound Library research buy|Antiinfection Compound Library order|Antiinfection Compound Library chemical structure|Antiinfection Compound Library datasheet|Antiinfection Compound Library supplier|Antiinfection Compound Library in vitro|Antiinfection Compound Library cell line|Antiinfection Compound Library concentration|Antiinfection Compound Library clinical trial|Antiinfection Compound Library cell assay|Antiinfection Compound Library screening|Antiinfection Compound Library high throughput|Anti-infection Compound high throughput screening| the TP were associated with members of the T. intermedia T. denitrificans, and species of Burkholderia among others (Additional file 1, Figure S 8). Differences in the distribution and functional capability may be associated with the availability of oxygen and concentration

of N compounds at each environment. Respiratory nitrate reductase (narG) reduces nitrate to nitrite predominantly during anaerobic growth, while the nasA assimilate nitrate during aerobic growth [53]. Furthermore, the enrichment of nirS nor, and nosZ suggest that the majority of the nitrite in the BP biofilm is reduced preferentially through the denitrification pathway (Figure 3). The nrfA enzyme is highly enriched at the BP biofilm (Fisher’s exact test, q < 0.05) (Figure 3 and Table 2), supporting the ifoxetine observation that the nrfA enzyme is expressed when nitrate (or nitrite) is limiting in the environment [54]. On the other hand, we observed an enrichment of the nirB at the TP biofilm

(Fisher’s exact test, q < 0.05) (Figure 3 and Table 2), which is expressed only when nitrate or nitrite is in excess in the environment [54]. The enrichment of nitrification genes in the BP may be explained by the fact that domestic wastewater carry a substantial concentration of nitrogen compounds (20 to 70 mg/L), consisting of 60-70% NH3‒N and 30-40% organic N [55]. In fact, the gene encoding for ammonia monooxygenase (amoA), a key enzyme for ammonia oxidation was highly enriched in the BP metagenome (Fisher’s exact test, q < 0.05) (Table 2). The metagenome data suggest that habitat prevailing conditions can select for bacterial populations with functionally equivalent yet ecologically nonredundant genes [56]. Specifically, we noted nirK is enriched in the TP while the nirS (nitrite reductase) is more prevalent in the BP biofilm (Fisher’s exact test, q < 0.05). Figure 3 Enrichment of enzymes in the nitrogen metabolic pathway.