Therefore, the impact of COLD on performance measures may be more evident at Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor higher temperatures. Most studies have addressed rise in core temperature with a dehydrated population

during hot and/or humid conditions over a longer period of time [6, 7]. Future research may address the effects of a cold water trial in a 90–120 minute exercise session on rise in core temperature. Even though there was not a significant improvement for subjects when drinking COLD water prior to performance tests, overall performance measures may not be sensitive enough to measure the small changes that COLD water may have. Moreover, if the same study was done with dehydrated subjects or in a hot/humid environment, there may have been a greater performance benefit exhibited. The repeated measures analysis of variance showed no significant interactions (p=0.286), indicating that subjects AG-120 did not perform buy Mocetinostat significantly different over time in one condition than in the other. There was also no significant effect of group (p=0.619). There was, however, a significant effect of time (p<0.001). There were two limitations to this

study. Environmental conditions of temperature and humidity were controlled throughout the study at a constant value. Secondly, the total duration of the study was less than 90 minutes. COLD water may provide the most benefits in stressful environmental conditions (higher temperatures and humidity levels and/or longer duration of exercise) [1], but the current study did not test these independent variables. Conclusion This study found that drinking COLD water during a traditional exercise Vildagliptin program in a moderate climate can have a significant impact on the body’s ability to maintain core temperature. The benefits for reducing the rise in core temperature did not translate to significant improvements in power, aerobic endurance,

and muscular endurance-based exercises. Secondary to the significant impact of the COLD water on the body’s ability to maintain core temperature, it is still recommended that both, athletes and physically fit individuals, consume COLD beverages during exercise. Delaying a rise in core temp may have positive impact on exercises not investigated in this study, but it’s unlikely to have negative effects. It is recommended that further work be done to further investigate the impact of COLD water consumption on strength and power performance in an extreme environment, with dehydrated subjects, or specific exercise bouts of longer duration. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the participants that participated in this study as well as our fellow colleagues, at Athletes’ Performance who assisted with data collection. This study was funded by Thermos L.L.C., (Schaumburg, IL, USA).