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“Background find more Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in China [1–3]. It remains very difficult to cure effectively, primarily because most patients
present with advanced diseases [4]. Therefore, how to recognize and track or kill early gastric cancer cells is a great challenge for early diagnosis and therapy of patients with gastric cancer. We have tried to establish an early gastric cancer pre-warning and diagnosis system since 2005 [5, 6]. We hoped to find early gastric cancer cells in vivo by multi-mode targeting imaging and serum biomarker detection techniques [7–12]. Our previous studies showed that subcutaneous and in situ gastric cancer tissues with 5 mm in diameter could be recognized and treated by using multi-functional nanoprobes such
as BRCAA1-conjugated fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles [13], her2 antibody-conjugated RNase-A-associated CdTe quantum dots [14], folic acid-conjugated upper conversion nanoparticles [15, 16], RGD-conjugated gold nanorods [17], ce6-conjugated carbon the dots [18], ce6-conjugated Au nanoclusters (Au NCs) [19, 20]. However, the clinical translation of these prepared nanoprobes still exists as a great challenge because no one kind of biomarker is specific for gastric cancer. Looking for new potential biomarker of gastric cancer and development of safe and effective nanoprobes for targeted imaging and simultaneous therapy of in vivo early gastric cancer have become our concerns. Dr. Jian Ni et al. found that the α-subunit of ATP synthase exhibited over-expression in breast cancer cell lines such as MCF-7H and MCF-7 cell line, with different metastasis potentials, and also exhibited high expression in breast cancer tissues, hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, and prostate cancer [21].