However, important pathological brain activity, e.g., seizures, can be highly localized and using too few electrodes may cause these events to be missed by the classification system. Having access to the underlying EEG has been shown to improve the accuracy of the classification [5]. Using traditional electrodes that are placed one by one on the scalp and attached by gel is time consuming and technically demanding work. Instead, electrode caps can be used. There is a limited selection of electrode caps for newborns, utilizing plastic cups containing the gel and the actual electrode [6]. However, the pressure of the cup onto the scalp may cause skin irritation when used during long-time monitoring (longer than one or a few hours), especially in preterm infants, see Figure 1.Figure 1.Pressure marks observed on the scalp of a neonate after wearing an electrode cap for approximately one hour.To avoid the problem with pressure-points in the electrode cap we propose a solution where the cup and electrode are replaced by a patch of soft conductive textile. Textile electrodes, also known as ��textrodes��, have previously been used for, e.g., ECG monitoring [7], where the signals are in the range of millivolts rather than microvolts as in the EEG case. Polymer foam covered with conductive textile [8] or a thin silver layer [9] have recently been demonstrated to work as EEG electrodes, and ��water-based�� electrodes made of cotton soaked in tap water have been proposed for brain-computer interface applications [10]. Having the electrodes solely made out of textile has the advantage that they can be integrated into a textile cap in a single process, making it a robust and inexpensive construction.As a first step in the development of an electrode cap for EEG monitoring, this study aims at investigating the signal characteristics of two types of textile electrodes compared to conventional high-quality electrodes. Since our initial experiments showed that the textile electrodes did not work as dry EEG electrodes a contact medium was necessary; therefore standard electrode paste was used. Because textiles, unlike metal plates, can absorb water and stay damp for some time, physiological saline (NaCl) solution was also included as contact medium in a separate series of experiments. These tests were simple, investigating if conductive textile electrodes, applied without any skin preparation can be used to confidently record EEG signals. The aim was not to produce the best EEG signals selleck chemicals llc possible, but to see if these electrodes can be used to improve the clinical situation by enabling simple and comfortable EEG caps.2.?Methods2.1. Measurement SetupA tight-fitting headband was used to hold the electrodes in the approximate locations F3, C3 and P3 according to the international 10�C20 system.