Further exploring the anatomic interconnectivity of the physiologically relevant cortical and subcortical areas will inevitably lead to better applications of DBS for the treatment of OCD, major depression (MD) and potentially check details for other psychiatric disorders. Implementing such therapies optimally will require the creation of treatment centers with specialized expertize in the psychiatric,

neurosurgical, and ethical issues that arise with these populations. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Models of the human vision propose a division of labor between vision-for-action (identified with the V1-PPT dorsal stream) and vision-for-perception (the VI-IT ventral stream). The idea has been successful in explaining a host of neuropsychological and behavioral

data, but has remained controversial in predicting that visually guided actions should be immune from visual illusions. Here we evaluate this prediction by reanalyzing 33 independent studies of rapid pointing involving the Muller-Lyer or related illusions. We find that illusion effects vary widely across studies from around zero to comparable to perceptual effects. After examining SN-38 mouse several candidate factors both between and within participants, we show that almost 80% of this variability is explained well by two,general concepts. The first is that the illusion has little effect when pointing is programmed from viewing the target rather than from memory. The second that the illusion effect is weakened when participants learn to selectively attend to target locations over repeated trials. These results are largely in accord with the vision-for-action vs. vision-for-perception distinction. However, they also suggest a potential involvement of learning and attentional processes during motor preparation. Whether these www.selleck.cn/products/Acadesine.html are specific to visuornotor mechanisms or shared with vision-for-perception remains to be established. (c) 2007

Published by Elsevier Ltd.”
“Although premature ejaculation (PE) represents the most common male sexual dysfunction, brain mechanisms controlling ejaculatory process remain poorly understood. Recently a group of neurons, identified in the lumbar spinal cord, has been proposed to constitute a spinal ejaculation generator. This key site in ejaculation control, relaying sensory inputs to the brain, is under supraspinal excitatory (medial preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus) and inhibitory (nucleus paragigantocellularis) controls. Activation of brain excitatory areas by dopamine (DA) or DA agonists being demonstrated to facilitate ejaculation, it seems particularly interesting to further understand the implication of central DA in the complex process leading to ejaculation.