8 without probenecid; r(2) = 0.7 with probenecid). This relationship allows for the prediction selleck products of systemic cidofovir exposure in individual patients and may be utilized to evaluate exposure-response relationships to optimize the cidofovir dosing regimen for BKV infection.”
“Purpose of review
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome/focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS) is the primary renal disease in approximately 10% of pediatric patients receiving a renal
allograft. Risk factors for recurrence are a chronological age between 6 and 15 years at onset of the nephrotic syndrome and a rapid progression of the disease in the native kidneys leading to end-stage renal disease in less than 3 years. With rapid recurrence of FSGS and loss Selleck Small molecule library of the allograft, further renal transplants also carry a high likelihood of recurrence of nephrotic syndrome.
Recent
findings
Different pathogenic factors have been discussed for the recurrence of proteinuria/FSGS in the transplanted kidney, especially the involvement of a proteinuric circulating factor. Treatment strategies are divided into two phases: induction of remission by plasma exchanges combined with high-dose intravenous or oral cyclosporine A; stabilization of remission by cyclophosphamide or rituximab, which showed promising results in several case reports.
Summary
No controlled studies have been performed yet to address the management of recurrent FSGS posttransplant. Complications related to the high-degree immunosuppression are not rare and should be regularly investigated. Therefore, the benefit : risk ratio for all immunosuppressive treatment strategies should be carefully evaluated for each individual patient.”
“Background. Respiratory syncytial selleck chemical virus (RSV) is a common cause of seasonal respiratory viral infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) patients. The efficacy of treatment, however, remains controversial. We describe an outbreak of 31 cases of RSV that occurred in an HSCT outpatient care unit in the fall season from March through May 2010, with a good outcome without any
specific antiviral treatment.
Methods. During these 3 months, 222 nasal wash samples were tested and, of these, 31 outpatients were positive for RSV. In 2009, 99 samples had been tested and only 10 outpatients were positive for RSV in the same period.
Results. Seven (22.5%) patients had severe neutropenia (<500 cells/mu L); severe lymphopenia (<200 cells/mu L) was present in 13 (41.9%) patients, and 14 (45%) had received intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics. Hospitalization was necessary only for 8 patients (25.8%); 20 had lower respiratory tract infection (64.5%). Only 1 patient died as a result of proven invasive aspergillosis.
Conclusion. This report suggests that HSCT outpatients with no risk factors may not always require specific treatment for RSV.